10101

12395

12021

and shrubs deciduous stipitate or sessile with either 2--3 valvate scales stipules or few to many imbricate scales or occasionally naked absent alternate spirally arranged 2--3 - ranked simple stipules deciduous distinct present sometimes lobed pinnately veined margins toothed serrate to nearly entire glabrous to tomentose abaxially often with resinous glands unisexual pendulous elongate cylindric conspicuously bracteate consisting of crowded reduced 1--3 - flowered clusters either of erect to pendulous bracteate catkins or of compact 2--3 - flowered clusters subtended by leafy involucres often nearly foliaceous or woody in infructescences bracteate 1 - - 4--6 2 - locular dehiscing by longitudinal slits pollen sacs often ± distinct pistillode sometimes present small highly reduced 1 2 - - 3 - carpellate inferior usually 2 - locular proximally 1 - locular distally axile 1--2 per locule pendulous dry staminodes usually absent nuts nutlets or 2 - winged samaras 1 - seeded without multibracteate cupule often subtended or enclosed by foliaceous hull developed from 2--3 bracts membranous present thin at maturity straight as long as seed flat or greatly thickened oily

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